Coffee is one of the most traded agricultural commodities in the world, connecting millions of farmers to global consumers every day. Grown across more than 80 countries within the coffee belt, production is highly sensitive to climate conditions, rainfall patterns and logistics. Arabica and Robusta serve different taste profiles, price segments and consumer markets, while global demand continues to rise, particularly in Asia. Futures markets, transport costs and currency fluctuations strongly influence prices. Sustainability, traceability and fair trade are becoming essential pillars of the industry’s future. Read more to explore how coffee markets function, why prices fluctuate so sharply, and how environmental and social challenges are reshaping the journey from bean to cup.